Search | Engineering

订阅投稿

首页工程期刊工程焦点工程成就工程前沿关于我们 English

资源类型

期刊论文 1286

会议视频 29

会议信息 4

年份

2024 3

2023 182

2022 206

2021 210

2020 115

2019 62

2018 42

2017 53

2016 38

2015 43

2014 53

2013 47

2012 26

2011 25

2010 49

2009 35

2008 31

2007 43

2006 4

2005 3

展开︾

关键词

SARS-CoV-2 7

微波散射计 5

碳中和 5

COVID-19 4

Cu(In 4

HY-2 4

2019 3

2型糖尿病 3

GPS 3

Ga)Se₂ 3

HY-2 卫星 3

HY-2A卫星 3

代谢与免疫 3

光催化 3

医学 3

工程管理 3

微波辐射计 3

营养健康 3

CCS 2

展开︾

检索范围：

排序：展示方式：

A combination process of mineral carbonation with SO2 disposal for simulated flue gas by magnesia-added

Yingying Zhao, Mengfan Wu, Zhiyong Ji, Yuanyuan Wang, Jiale Li, Jianlu Liu, Junsheng Yuan

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第4期页码 832-844 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1871-7

摘要： The desulfurization by seawater and mineral carbonation have been paid more and more attention. In this study, the feasibility of magnesia and seawater for the integrated disposal of SO and CO in the simulated flue gas was investigated. The process was conducted by adding MgO in seawater to reinforce the absorption of SO and facilitate the mineralization of CO by calcium ions. The influences of various factors, including digestion time of magnesia, reaction temperature, and salinity were also investigated. The results show that the reaction temperature can effectively improve the carbonation reaction. After combing SO removal process with mineral carbonation, Ca removal rate has a certain degree of decrease. The best carbonation condition is to use 1.5 times artificial seawater (the concentrations of reagents are 1.5 times of seawater) at 80°C and without digestion of magnesia. The desulfurization rate is close to 100% under any condition investigated, indicating that the seawater has a sufficient desulfurization capacity with adding magnesia. This work has demonstrated that a combination of the absorption of SO with the absorption and mineralization of CO is feasible.

关键词： mineral carbonation wet SO₂ disposal seawater desulfurization

HTML PDF 收藏

Performance and mechanism of carbamazepine removal by FeS-SO process: experimental investigation and

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第9期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1713-1

摘要：

● Synergistic removal of carbamazepine (CBZ) was obtained in the FeS-S₂O₈^2– process.

关键词： FeS S₂O₈^2– Carbamazepine DFT calculations Degradation routes

HTML PDF 收藏

Preparation and characterization of SO42-/TiO2 and S2O82-/TiO2 catalysts

MA Xuedan, GUO Daishi, JIANG Qizhong, MA Zifeng, MA Zhengfei, YE Weidong, LI Chunbo

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第1期页码 45-49 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0009-5

摘要： Nanosized solid superacids SO/TiO and SO/TiO, as well as MCM-41-supported SO/ZrO, were prepared. Their structures, acidities, and catalytic activities were investigated and compared using XRD, N adsorption-desorption, and in situ FTIR-pyridine adsorption, as well as an evaluation reaction with pseudoionone cyclization. The results showed that SO/TiO and SO/TiO possess not only nanosized particles with diameters <7.0 nm, a BET surface greater than 140 cm/g and relatively regular mesostructures with pores around 4.0 nm, but also a pure anatase phase and strong acidity. Different from the Lewis acid nature of SO/ZrO/MCM-41, SO/TiO and SO/TiO exhibit mainly Br¢nsted acidities. The strongest Br¢nsted acid sites were produced on SO/TiO promoted with HSO, while Lewis acid sites on SO/TiO even stronger than those on SO/ZrO/MCM-41 were generated when persulfate solution was used as sulfating agent. Because of their distinct acid natures, SO/TiO and SO/TiO exhibited catalytic activities for the cyclization of pseudoionone that were much higher than that of SO/ZrO/MCM-41. It can be concluded that the existence of more Br¢nsted acid sites was favorable for proton participation in the cyclization reaction.

关键词： exhibit Different persulfate adsorption-desorption catalytic

HTML PDF 收藏

Metal-organic framework loaded manganese oxides as efficient catalysts for low-temperature selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH

Minhua Zhang, Baojuan Huang, Haoxi Jiang, Yifei Chen

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第4期页码 594-602 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1668-5

摘要： A mild deposition method was used to fabricate Mn-based catalysts on a UiO-66 carrier for the selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH (NH -SCR). The catalyst with 8.5 wt-% MnO loading had the highest catalytic activity for NH -SCR with a wide temperature window (100–290 °C) for 90% NO conversion. Characterization of the prepared MnO /UiO-66 catalysts showed that the catalysts had the crystal structure and porosity of the UiO-66 carrier and that the manganese particles were well-distributed on the surface of the catalyst. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis showed that there are strong interactions between the MnO and the Zr oxide secondary building units of the UiO-66 which has a positive effect on the catalytic activity. The 8.5 wt-% MnO catalyst maintained excellent activity during a 24-h stability test and exhibited good resistance to SO poisoning.

关键词： metal-organic framework selective catalytic reduction manganese oxides deNO_x SO₂ resistance

HTML PDF 收藏

洁净煤技术的新发展——一种火电厂SO₂的资源化技术

肖文德,袁渭康

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第5期页码 77-83

摘要：作者提出了一种以合成氨为基础的新氨法（NADS），回收烟气中的SO₂，生产硫酸铵、磷酸铵或硝酸铵化肥，并联产工业浓硫酸，已在2.5万kW机组试验成功，建立了计算机模拟软件。

关键词：烟气脱硫洁净煤技术二氧化硫电厂氨化肥

HTML PDF 收藏

The inactivation of bacteriophages MS2 and PhiX174 by nanoscale zero-valent iron: Resistance difference

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第8期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1529-4

摘要：

• The resistance of phage PhiX174 to nZVI was much stronger than that of MS2.

关键词： Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) MS2 PhiΧ174 Resistance Inactivation Pathogenic microorganisms

HTML PDF 收藏

脉冲电晕等离子体烟气脱硫工业试验研究

赵君科,王保健,任先文,朱祖良

《中国工程科学》 2002年第4卷第2期页码 74-78

摘要：

利用建造在四川绵阳科学城热电厂的最大烟气处理量为20000 m³/h的脉冲电晕等离子体烟气脱硫工业中试装置，研究了影响脱硫效率的因素，获得了最佳工艺参数。究结果表明，当烟气温度在65～70℃，烟气水分含量约10％，氨硫化学剂量比为1∶1，烟停留时间大于6 s、能耗低于5 Wh/Nm³等条件下，脱硫率达85％以上。

关键词：脉冲电晕放电脱硫工业中试

HTML PDF 收藏

Review of SO42-/MxOy solid superacid catalysts

Yanni WU, Shijun LIAO

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第3期页码 330-343 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0208-3

摘要： Some metal oxides modified with sulfate ions form highly acidic or superacidic catalysts. solid superacid catalysts, play a vital role in more and more fields such as organic synthesis, fine chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and means for strengthening environmental safeguards. This review highlights the recent development of solid superacid catalysts based on , including synthesis method, characterization of acid sites and acid strength, and applications.

关键词： solid superacid catalyst synthesis method characterization applications

HTML PDF 收藏

Regeneration of Fe

Ruizhuang ZHAO, Ju SHANGGUAN, Yanru LOU, Jin SONG, Jie MI, Huiling FAN

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第4期页码 423-428 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0503-z

摘要： Regeneration of a high-temperature coal gas desulfurization sorbent is a key technology in its industrial applications. A Fe O -based high-temperature coal gas desulfurizer was prepared using red mud from steel factory. The influences of regeneration temperature, space velocity and regeneration gas concentration in SO atmosphere on regeneration performances of the desulfurization sorbent were tested in a fixed bed reactor. The changes of phase and the composition of the Fe O -based high-temperature coal gas desulfurization sorbent before and after regeneration were examined by X-ray diffraction(XRD) and X-ray Photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), and the changes of pore structure were characterized by the mercury intrusion method. The results show that the major products are Fe O and elemental sulfur; the influences of regeneration temperature, space velocity and SO concentration in inlet on regeneration performances and the changes of pore structure of the desulfurization sorbent before and after regeneration are visible. The desulfurization sorbent cannot be regenerated at 500°C in SO atmosphere. Within the range of 600°C – 800°C, the time of regeneration becomes shorter, and the regeneration conversion increases as the temperature rises. The time of regeneration also becomes shorter, and the elemental sulfur content of tail gas increases as the SO concentration in inlet is increased. The increase in space velocity enhances the reactive course; the best VSP is 6000 h for regeneration conversion. At 800°C, 20 vol-% SO and 6000 h , the regeneration conversion can reach nearly to 90%.

关键词： high-temperature coal gas Fe₂O₃ desulfurization sorbent SO₂ atmosphere regeneration behaviors sulfur recovery

HTML PDF 收藏

Mechanism of insulin resistance in obesity: a role of ATP

《医学前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第3期页码 372-382 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0862-5

摘要： Obesity increases the risk of type 2 diabetes through the induction of insulin resistance. The mechanism of insulin resistance has been extensively investigated for more than 60 years, but the essential pathogenic signal remains missing. Existing hypotheses include inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglucagonemia, glucotoxicity, and lipotoxicity. Drug discoveries based on these hypotheses are unsuccessful in the development of new medicines. In this review, multidisciplinary literature is integrated to evaluate ATP as a primary signal for insulin resistance. The ATP production is elevated in insulin-sensitive cells under obese conditions independent of energy demand, which we have named “mitochondrial overheating.” Overheating occurs because of substrate oversupply to mitochondria, leading to extra ATP production. The ATP overproduction contributes to the systemic insulin resistance through several mechanisms, such as inhibition of AMPK, induction of mTOR, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglucagonemia, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Insulin resistance represents a feedback regulation of energy oversupply in cells to control mitochondrial overloading by substrates. Insulin resistance cuts down the substrate uptake to attenuate mitochondrial overloading. The downregulation of the mitochondrial overloading by medicines, bypass surgeries, calorie restriction, and physical exercise leads to insulin sensitization in patients. Therefore, ATP may represent the primary signal of insulin resistance in the cellular protective response to the substrate oversupply. The prevention of ATP overproduction represents a key strategy for insulin sensitization.

关键词： type 2 diabetes energy expenditure mitochondria hyperinsulinemia hyperglucagonemia AMPK

HTML PDF 收藏

Removal of SO

Xiaolei LI, Chunying ZHU, Youguang MA

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第2期页码 185-191 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1326-5

摘要： In this work, the removal of SO from gas mixture with air and SO by ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution as absorbent was investigated experimentally in a bubble column reactor. The effects of the concentration of ammonium bicarbonate, the SO inlet concentration of gas phase and the gas flow rate on the removal rate of SO were studied. The results showed that the higher the SO inlet concentration and the gas flow rate, the shorter the lasting time of SO completely removed in gas outlet, and then the faster the decrease in the removal rate of SO . The lasting time of SO completely removed in gas outlet increased with increasing ammonium bicarbonate concentration. During the process of SO absorption, there was a critical pH of solution. When the solution pH was less than the critical pH, it would sharply fall, resulting in a rapid decrease of the SO removal rate. A theoretical model for predicting the SO removal rate has been developed by taking the chemical enhancement and the sulfite concentration in the liquid phase into account simultaneously.

关键词： SO₂ removal bubble column reactor removal rate ammonium bicarbonate absorbent

HTML PDF 收藏

Mechanisms of insulin resistance in obesity

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第1期页码 14-24 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0262-6

摘要：

Obesity increases the risk for type 2 diabetes through induction of insulin resistance. Treatment of type 2 diabetes has been limited by little translational knowledge of insulin resistance although there have been several well-documented hypotheses for insulin resistance. In those hypotheses, inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, hyperinsulinemia and lipotoxicity have been the major concepts and have received a lot of attention. Oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, genetic background, aging, fatty liver, hypoxia and lipodystrophy are active subjects in the study of these concepts. However, none of those concepts or views has led to an effective therapy for type 2 diabetes. The reason is that, there has been no consensus for a unifying mechanism of insulin resistance. In this review article, literature is critically analyzed and reinterpreted for a new energy-based concept of insulin resistance, in which insulin resistance is a result of energy surplus in cells. The energy surplus signal is mediated by ATP and sensed by adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway. Decreasing ATP level by suppression of production or stimulation of utilization is a promising approach in the treatment of insulin resistance. In support, many of existing insulin sensitizing medicines inhibit ATP production in mitochondria. The effective therapies such as weight loss, exercise, and caloric restriction all reduce ATP in insulin sensitive cells. This new concept provides a unifying cellular and molecular mechanism of insulin resistance in obesity, which may apply to insulin resistance in aging and lipodystrophy.

关键词： type 2 diabetes energy expenditure inflammation lipotoxicity mitochondria hyperinsulinemia adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)

HTML PDF 收藏

Effective regeneration of thermally deactivated commercial V-W-Ti catalysts

Xuesong SHANG, Jianrong LI, Xiaowei YU, Jinsheng CHEN, Chi HE

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第1期页码 38-46 doi: 10.1007/s11705-011-1167-z

摘要： An effective method for the regeneration of thermally deactivated commercial monolith SCR catalysts was investigated. Two types of regenerated solutions, namely NH Cl (1 mol/L) and dilute H SO (0.5 mol/L), were employed to treat the used catalyst. The effects of temperature and the regeneration process on the structural and textural properties of the catalysts were determined by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, N adsorption/desorption, elemental analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results suggest that the anatase phase of the used catalyst is maintained after exposure to high temperatures. Some of the catalytic activity was restored after regeneration. The catalyst regenerated by aqueous NH Cl had a higher activity than that of the catalyst treated by dilute H SO . The main reason is that the NH generated from the decomposition of NH Cl at high temperatures can be adsorbed onto the catalyst which promotes the reaction. The aggregated V O were partially re-dispersed during the regeneration process, and the intrinsic oxidation of ammonia with high concentrations of O is a factor that suppresses the catalytic activity.

关键词： V₂O₅-WO₃/TiO₂ catalysts thermal deactivation regeneration NH₄Cl dilute H₂SO₄ solution

HTML PDF 收藏

Overcoming resistance to endocrine therapy in hormone receptor-positive human epidermal growth factorreceptor 2-negative (HR

Wenjie Zhu, Binghe Xu

《医学前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第2期页码 208-220 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0795-4

摘要： New targeted therapies have been developed to overcome resistance to endocrine therapy (ET) and improve the outcome of HR /HER2 advanced breast cancer (ABC). We conducted a meta-analysis and systemic review on randomized controlled trials evaluating various targeted therapies in combination with ET in HR /HER2 ABC. PUBMED and EMBASE databases were searched for eligible trials. Hazard ratios (HRs) for progression-free survival (PFS), odds ratios (ORs) for objective response rate (ORR), clinical benefit rate (CBR), and toxicity were meta-analyzed. Twenty-six studies with data on 10 347 patients were included and pooled. The addition of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors to ET significantly improved median PFS (pooled HR= 0.547, <0.001), overall survival (pooled HR= 0.755, <0.001), and tumor response rates (ORR, pooled OR= 1.478, <0.001; CBR, pooled OR= 1.201, <0.001) with manageable toxicities (pooled OR= 3.280, <0.001). The mammalian targets of rapamycin inhibitors and exemestane were not clinically beneficial for this pooled population including ET-naïve and ET-resistant patients. Moderate improvement in PFS (pooled HR= 0.686, <0.001) yet pronounced toxicities (pooled OR= 2.154, <0.001) were noted in the combination of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase inhibitors with fulvestrant. Future studies are warranted to optimize the population and the dosing sequence of these available options.

关键词： endocrine-resistant HR⁺/HER2^- advanced breast cancer randomized clinical trials meta-analysis targeted therapy

HTML PDF 收藏

Beneficial metabolic activities of inflammatory cytokine interleukin 15 in obesity and type 2 diabetes

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第2期页码 139-145 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0377-z

摘要：

In obesity, chronic inflammation is believed to induce insulin resistance and impairs adipose tissue function. Although this view is supported by a large body of literature, it has been challenged by growing evidence that pro-inflammatory cytokines may favor insulin sensitivity through induction of energy expenditure. In this review article, interleukin 15 (IL-15) is used as a new example to explain the beneficial effects of the pro-inflammatory cytokines. IL-15 is secreted by multiple types of cells including macrophages, neutrophils and skeletal muscle cells. IL-15 expression is induced in immune cells by endotoxin and in muscle cells by physical exercise. Its transcription is induced by transcription factor NF-κB. IL-15 binds to its receptor that contains three different subunits (α, β and γ) to activate JAK/STAT, PI3K/Akt, IKK/NF-κB and JNK/AP1 pathways in cells. In the regulation of metabolism, IL-15 reduces weight gain without inhibiting food intake in rodents. IL-15 suppresses lipogenesis, stimulates brown fat function, improves insulin sensitivity through weight loss and energy expenditure. In human, circulating IL-15 is negatively associated with body weight. In the immune system, IL-15 stimulates proliferation and differentiation of T cells, NK cells, monocytes and neutrophils. In the anti-obesity effects of IL-15, T cells and NK cells are not required, but leptin receptor is required. In summary, evidence from human and rodents supports that the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-15 may enhance energy expenditure to protect the body from obesity and type 2 diabetes. The mechanism of IL-15 action remains to be fully uncovered in the regulation of energy expenditure.

关键词： inflammation obesity cytokine energy expenditure insulin resistance